On-line and off-line data assimilation in palaeoclimatology: a case study
Different ensemble-based data assimilation (DA) approaches for palaeoclimate reconstructions have been recently undertaken, but no systematic comparison among them has been attempted.We compare an off-line and an on-line ensemble-based method, with the testing period being the 17th century, which led into the Maunder Minimum.We use a low-resolution